Glucose injection into the yolk influences intermediary metabolism in adult Nile tilapia fed with high levels of carbohydrates

Nutritional programming is a concept proposed to be applied in the field of fish nutrition improve use new diets aquaculture. This study aimed investigate for first time effects glucose injection into yolk at alevin stage on intermediary metabolism and growth adult Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) 32–37 weeks later life. The early stimulus was performed through direct microinjection 2 M sacs alevin. Subsequently, tilapia, long-term performance, blood metabolites, chemical composition liver muscle, expression genes involved transport (glycolysis gluconeogenesis) related pathways (amino acid catabolism lipogenesis) were investigated. Our results showed that, even though had no effect performance fish, very few significant observed. Furthermore, evaluate potential metabolic after dietary challenge, × factorial design with two stimuli (0.85% NaCl or glucose) different carbohydrate intakes (medium-carbohydrate diet, CHO-M; high-carbohydrate CHO-H) between 33 37. As expected, compared CHO-M CHO-H diet led decreased higher glyceamia triglyceridemia, glycogen lipid levels as well down-regulation gluconeogenesis amino gene expressions. More interestingly, although it enhanced capacities lipogenesis, glycolysis gluconeogenesis, particularly that fed diet. Thus, nutritional linked alevins always visible albeit less intense than what we previously observed juvenile.